Coating layer with protection and thermal conductivity

ABSTRACT

A coating layer with well protection and thermal conductivity has a workpiece; and a coating layer with a thickness ranged between 160˜500 micrometer deposited on the workpiece; 
     wherein, the coating layer is formed by the feedstock material, the feedstock material is Al—Cu—Mo—W, Al/B 4 C, CoCrAlY/Al 2 O 3 , Cr 3 C 2 —NiCr/SiC—Ni, Cr 3 C 2 —NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ball mill or Ni—Al—Mo—W. The coating layer is able to avoid wear of the surface of the workpiece, and has well protection and thermal conductivity, to avoid the situation of damage or mechanical property changing occurred due to the temperature of the surface rising caused by the friction.

This is a continuation in part of application Ser. No. 13/465,344, filedMay 7, 2012, now abandoned.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a coating layer with well protectionand thermal conductivity.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Operationally, modern wheel rims that are generated used on wheeledvehicles are constantly working under rough condition as the wheeledvehicles are designed to meet the challenge of bad weather, treacherousterrain. Nevertheless, due to lacking the consideration of surfaceprotection and heat dissipation in design, most wheel rims that arecurrently available on the market can easily be damaged in operation byregional abrasion or by abnormal temperature fluctuations. Not tomention that a wheel rim without any protective coating can bevulnerable to and easily be eroded or corroded by environmental factors,such as rainfall and direct sunlight.

Although there are already a variety of coatings available, there isstill none designed for and applied on wheel rims. Thus, beside for themeans for forming a coating on a wheel rim, there are many to beimproved in the porosity, microhardness, bonding strength and wearvolume loss relating to the coatings that are currently available.

TECHNICAL SUMMARY

The present disclosure relates to a coating layer with well protectionand thermal conductivity, being basically a method for forming a coatingwith satisfactory porosity, microhardness, bonding strength and wearvolume loss on a workpiece for improving the surface protection and heatdissipation of the workpiece.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a coating layer withprotection and thermal conductivity, comprising:

-   -   a workpiece; and    -   a coating layer with a thickness ranged between 160˜500        micrometer deposited on the workpiece;    -   wherein, the coating layer is formed by the feedstock material,        the feedstock material is Al—Cu—Mo—W, Al/B₄C, CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃,        Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni, Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ball mill or        Ni—Al—Mo—W

The coating layer is featuring in that: the porosity, microhardness,bonding strength and wear volume loss of the coating layer are improved,and by the setting of the coating layer on a workpiece, both the surfaceprotection and thermal conductivity of the workpiece are enhanced.

Moreover, in a condition when the workpiece is substantially a wheelrim, the coating layer on the wheel rim can protect the same from beingdamaged in operation by regional abrasion or by abnormal temperaturefluctuations. Thereby, the wheel rim with the coating layer is protectedfrom being eroded or corroded by environmental factors, such as rainfalland direct sunlight.

In addition, not only the coating layer can protect the surface of theworkpiece from being damaged by any friction or collision happening onthe surface of the workpiece, but also by the thermal conductivity ofthe coating layer, any regional abnormal temperature fluctuation on thesurface of the workpiece can be dissipated rapidly for preventing theworkpiece from being damaged thereby and thus maintaining the mechanicalproperties of the workpiece unchanged.

Further scope of applicability of the present application will becomemore apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However,it should be understood that the detailed description and specificexamples, while indicating exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, aregiven by way of illustration only, since various changes andmodifications within the spirit and scope of the disclosure will becomeapparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure will become more fully understood from thedetailed description given herein below and the accompanying drawingswhich are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitativeof the present disclosure and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart depicting the steps in a method for providing acoating layer with protection and thermal conductivity according to anexemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a workpiece used in the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a wheel rim, being used as aworkpiece in the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the porosity achievable in a coating layerof the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the micro hardness achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the bonding strength achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the wear volume loss achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the deposition rate achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the bonding strength achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the micro hardness achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the wear volume loss achievable in acoating layer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the deposition rate achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the bonding strength achievable in acoating layer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the micro hardness achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the wear volume loss achievable in acoating layer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the deposition rate achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the bonding strength achievable in acoating layer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the micro hardness achievable in a coatinglayer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the wear volume loss achievable in acoating layer of the present disclosure.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the wear volume loss achievable in acoating layer of the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

For your esteemed members of reviewing committee to further understandand recognize the fulfilled functions and structural characteristics ofthe disclosure, several exemplary embodiments cooperating with detaileddescription are presented as the follows.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a flow chart depicting the stepsperform in a method for providing a coating layer with protection andthermal conductivity according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure. As shown in FIG. 1. the method starts from step 10. At thestep 10, a feedstock material, which can be a cermet powder or asintering powder, is provided; and then the flow proceeds to step 11. Inan embodiment, the feedstock material is substantially a cermet powder,whereas the cermet powder can be a mixed powder of a ceramic powder witha metal coating and a metal powder, in which the ceramic powder can bemade of a material selected from the group consisting of: aluminumoxide, titanium oxide, chromium oxide, titanium carbide, boron carbide,chromium carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, titanium nitride,boron nitride, titanium boride and the combinations of at least twoforgoing materials. In a boarder picture, the ceramic powder is made ofa material selected from the group consisting of: an oxide, a carbide, anitride, a boride and the combinations of at least two forgoingmaterials. In addition, the metal coating is deposited onto the ceramicpowder by a means of electroless plating, whereas the metal to be usedfor forming the metal coating can be a metal selected from the groupconsisting of: cobalt, nickel and aluminum. Furthermore, in thisembodiment, the metal powder is made of a metal selected from the groupconsisting of: a aluminum powder, a aluminum alloy powder, a molybdenumpowder, a molybdenum alloy powder, a tungsten powder, a tungsten alloypowder, a cobalt powder, a cobalt alloy powder, a nickel powder, anickel alloy powder, an iron powder, an iron alloy powder, a niobiumpowder, a niobium alloy powder, a yttrium powder, a yttrium alloypowder, a nickel chromium powder, a nickel chromium alloy powder, anickel chromium aluminum powder, a nickel chromium aluminum alloypowder, a cobalt chromium aluminum yttrium powder, a cobalt chromiumaluminum yttrium alloy powder, a nickel chromium aluminum yttriumpowder, a nickel chromium aluminum yttrium alloy powder, and thecombinations of at least two forgoing materials.

In another embodiment when the feedstock material is substantially asintering powder, the sintering powder is prepared and formed by aprocess comprising the steps of: mixing a ceramic powder with metalcoating, a metal powder and a bonding agent so as to form a mud mixture;and granulating and sintering the mud mixture in a vacuumed environmentat a temperature ranged between 900° C. to 1100° C. so as to improve thebonding strength between the metal powder and the ceramic powder andthus form the sintering powder.

At step 11, the feedstock material is coated onto a workpiece 20 into acoating layer 21 with a thickness ranged between 160˜500 micrometer, asshown in FIG. 2. It is noted that the workpiece 20 can be a metalsubstrate or a ceramic substrate, and the feedstock material can becoated to the workpiece by a spraying process, whereas the sprayingprocess is a process selected from the group consisting of: a powdercoating process, an arc spraying process, flame spraying process, aplasma thermal spraying process and a high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF)process.

In an embodiment when a HVOF process is selected for spraying thecoating layer 21, it is common to choose the cobalt chromium aluminumyttrium powder to be used as the metal powder in the feedstock materialwhich is accounted for about 90 percent of the whole feedstock material;and the ceramic powder which is accounted for about 10 percent of thefeedstock material should has a particle size ranged between 50 μm and70 μm, and with 99% purity. In addition, the flow gas flow rate for theHVOF process should be controlled within the range of 20 l/min to 100l/min, the oxygen flow rate of the same should be controlled within therange of 300 l/min to 500 l/min, and the carrier gas flow rate of thesame should be controlled within the range of 10 l/min to 50 l/min.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a cross sectional view of a wheel rim,being used as a workpiece in the present disclosure. In this embodiment,the method for forming a coating layer is basically unchanged, but isdifferent in that: the workpiece is a wheel rim 30 instead of theaforesaid metal or ceramic substrate, and accordingly, the coating layer32 is formed on the surface relating to the two flanges of the wheel rim30 at a thickness ranged between 160˜500 micrometer. Moreover, the wheelrim 30 can be made of a metallic material or a polymer material, whereasthe metallic material is a material selected from the group consistingof: aluminum, an aluminum alloy, iron, and an iron alloy; and thepolymer material is a material selected from the group consisting of: aplastic, rubber and a kind of fiber.

Please refer to FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, which are diagrams respectivelyshowing the porosity, the microhardness, the bonding strength, and thewear volume loss that are achievable in a coating layer of the presentdisclosure. In FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, S1 represents an Al/B ₄C coating layer,S2 represents a Co—Cr—Al—Y/Al₂O₃ coating layer, S3 represents anAl—Cu—Mo—W coating layer, and S4 represents a Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coatinglayer.

As shown in FIG. 4, the porosity of S1 is in a range of 6%˜17.8%, whilethe porosities of S2 and S3 can be lowered to 2%, whereas the porosityis a measure of the void (i.e., “empty”) spaces in the coating layer,and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume of thecoating layer.

As the result of a Vickers hardness test shown in FIG. 5, themicrohardness of S1 is lower than 100 Mpa, the microhardness of S2 isranged between 300 Mpa and 200 Mpa, the microhardness of S3 is rangedbetween 200 Mpa and 300 Mpa, and the microhardness of S4 is rangedbetween 500 Mpa and 700 Mpa.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bonding strength of S1 is ranged between 4000psi and 5000 psi, the bonding strength of S2 is ranged between 8000 psiand 9000 psi, and the bonding strength of S3 and S4 are respectivelyranged between 7000 psi and 8000 psi.

As shown in FIG. 7, the wear volume loss of S1 is ranged between 160 mm³and 200 mm³, the wear volume loss of S2 and S4 are respectively rangedbetween 0 mm³ and 50 mm³, and the wear volume loss of S3 is rangedbetween 100 mm³ and 170 mm³.

As the characteristic values disclosed in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, it isobvious that the coating layer of the present disclosure can performbetter than other coating layer currently available in porosity, inmicrohardness, in bonding strength and in wear volume loess. Moreover,in a thermal conductivity test, it is realized that by the addition ofsilicon carbide into Cr₃C₂, the thermal conductivity of the resultingcoating layer can be increased from 45.88 W/mK to 70.8 W/mK.

In an embodiment, the feedstock material is Al—Cu—Mo—W, Al/B₄C,CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃, Cr₃C₂—NiCr, Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni or Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Nitreated with Ball mill.

The composition of Al—Cu—Mo—W is 30˜35 wt % Al—Cu, 30˜35 wt % Mo and30˜35 wt % W. The best composition of Al—Cu—Mo—W is 33.3 wt % Al—Cu,33.3 wt %

Mo and 33.3 wt % W.

The composition of Al/B₄C is 20˜40 wt % B₄C and 80˜60 wt % Al. The bestcomposition of Al/B₄C is 30 wt % B₄C.

The composition of Cr₃C₂—NiCr is 15˜30 wt % NiCr and 85˜70 wt %Cr3C₂.The best composition of Cr₃C₂—NiCr is 22 wt % NiCr.

The composition of CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ is 10˜20 wt % Al₂O₃ and 90˜80 wt %CoCrAlY. The best composition of CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ is 17 wt % Al₂O₃.

The composition of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni is 20˜40 wt % SiC—Ni and 80˜60 wt %Cr₃C₂—NiCr. The best composition of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni is 30 wt % SiC—Ni.

In an embodiment, the feedstock material is Ni—Al—Mo—W. The compositionof Ni—Al—Mo—W is 30˜35 wt % Ni-5Al, 30˜35 wt % Mo and 30˜35 wt % W. Thebest composition of Ni—Al—Mo—W is 33.3 wt % Ni-5Al, 33.3 wt % Mo and33.3 wt % W. As shown in FIG. 8, the deposition rate of D1 is rangedbetween 23 μ/pass and 26 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D2 is rangedbetween 4 μ/pass and 6 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D3 is rangedbetween 18 μ/pass and 22 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D4 is rangedbetween 12 μ/pass and 16 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D5 is rangedbetween 7 μ/pass and 9 μ/pass, and the deposition rate of D6 is rangedbetween 2 μ/pass and 4 μ/pass.

The D1 represents the deposition rate of Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer. TheD2 represents the deposition rate of Al/B₄C coating layer. The D3represents the deposition rate of CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ coating layer. The D4represents the deposition rate of Cr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer. The D5represents the deposition rate of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer. TheD6 represents the deposition rate of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ballmill coating layer. The feedstock material of Al—Cu—Mo—W and theCoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ can reduce the cost of the coating layer manufacturing.

The thickness of D1 is 240˜270 μm, the better thickness is 259 μm. Thethickness of D2 is 238˜265 μm, the better thickness is 252 μm. Thethickness of D3 is 225˜250 μm, the better thickness is 237 μm. Thethickness of D4 is 235˜260 μm, the better thickness is 242 μm. Thethickness of D5 is 225˜250 μm, the better thickness is 236 μm. Thethickness of D6 is 230˜250 μm, the better thickness is 240 μm.

As shown in FIG. 9, the bonding strength of B1 is ranged between 6500psi and 7200 psi, the bonding strength of B2 is ranged between 3800 psiand 5800 psi, the bonding strength of B3 is ranged between 7200 psi and9000 psi, the bonding strength of B4 is ranged between 7200 psi and12000 psi, the bonding strength of B5 is ranged between 8100 psi and9000 psi, and the bonding strength of B6 is ranged between 6200 psi and8100 psi.

The B1 represents the bonding strength of Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer. TheB2 represents the bonding strength of Al/B₄C coating layer. The B3represents the bonding strength of CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ coating layer. The B4represents the bonding strength of Cr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer. The B5represents the bonding strength of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer. TheB6 represents the bonding strength of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated withBall mill coating layer. The B3, B4 and B5 are with better bondingstrength.

As shown in FIG. 10, the micro hardness of M1 is ranged between 200(Hv300) and 300 (Hv300), the micro hardness of M2 is ranged between 100(Hv300) and 180 (Hv300), the micro hardness of M3 is ranged between 350(Hv300) and 450 (Hv300), the micro hardness of M4 is ranged between 610(Hv300) and 900 (Hv300), the micro hardness of M5 is ranged between 750(Hv300) and 860 (Hv300), and the micro hardness of M6 is ranged between540 (Hv300) and 630 (Hv300).

The M1 represents the micro hardness of Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer. The M2represents the micro hardness of Al/B₄C coating layer. The M3 representsthe micro hardness of CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ coating layer. The M4 represents themicro hardness of Cr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer. The M5 represents the microhardness of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer. The M6 represents the microhardness of Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ball mill coating layer. TheM4, M5 and M6 are with better micro hardness.

As shown in FIG. 11, the wear loss of W1 is ranged between 150 mm ³ and250 mm ³, the wear loss of W2 is ranged between 80 mm ³ and 180 mm ³,the wear loss of W3 is ranged between 150 mm ³ and 200 mm ³, the wearloss of W4 is ranged between 15 mm ³ and 40 mm ³, and the wear loss ofW5, W6 and W7 are ranged between 5 mm ³ and 20 mm ³.

The W1 represents the wear loss of Al substrate coating layer. The W2represents the wear loss of Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer. The W3 representsthe wear loss of Al/B₄C coating layer. The W4 represents the wear lossof CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ coating layer. The W5 represents the wear loss ofCr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer. The W6 represents the wear loss ofCr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer. The W7 represents the wear loss ofCr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ball mill. The W4˜W7 are with betteranti-wear loss.

As shown in FIG. 12, the deposition rate of D7 is ranged between 20μ/pass and 31 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D8 is ranged between 24μ/pass and 50 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D9 is ranged between 30μ/pass and 49 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D10 is ranged between 24μ/pass and 45 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D11 is ranged between 11μ/pass and 25 μ/pass, and the deposition rate of D12 is ranged between30 μ/pass and 50 μ/pass.

The D7 represents the deposition rate of APS (Air. Plasma Spray) W(Wolfram) coating layer. The D8 represents the deposition rate of APS Mo(Manganese) coating layer. The D9 represents the deposition rate of APSAl—Cu—Mo—W coating layer. The D11 represents the deposition rate of HVOF(High Velocity Oxy-Fuel) Ni-5Al—Mo—W coating layer. The D12 representsthe deposition rate of Arc Spary Mo coating layer.

The thickness of D7 is 225˜240 μm, the better thickness is 234.5 μm. Thethickness of D8 is 195˜215 μm, the better thickness is 205.8 μm. Thethickness of D9 is 230˜245 μm, the better thickness is 237.8 μm. Thethickness of D10 is 280˜295 μm, the better thickness is 287.5 μm. Thethickness of D11 is 250˜270 μm, the better thickness is 260 μm. Thethickness of D12 is 260˜275 μm, the better thickness is 266.3 μm. TheD7˜D12 are with the better deposition rate.

As shown in FIG. 13, the bonding strength of B7 (APS W coating layer) isranged between 750 psi and 4300 psi, the bonding strength of B8 (APS Mocoating layer) is ranged between 4000 psi and 7600 psi, the bondingstrength of B9 (APS Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer) is ranged between 6000 psiand 10000 psi, the bonding strength of B10 (APS Ni-5Al—Mo—W coatinglayer) is ranged between 7500 psi and 8500 psi, the bonding strength ofB11 (HVOF Ni-5Al—Mo—W coating layer) is ranged between 8000 psi and10000 psi, and the bonding strength of B12 (Arc Spray Mo coating layer)is ranged between 2000 psi and 7500 psi. The B9˜B11 are better choices,if considered of the bonding strength.

As shown in FIG. 14, the micro hardness of M7 (APS W coating layer) isranged between 200 (Hv300) and 300 (Hv300), the micro hardness of M8(APS Mo coating layer) is ranged between 200 (Hv300) and 550 (Hv300),the micro hardness of M9 (APS Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer) is rangedbetween 150 (Hv300) and 250 (Hv300), the micro hardness of M10 (APSNi-5Al—Mo—W coating layer) is ranged between 210 (Hv300) and 390(Hv300), the micro hardness of M11 (HVOF Ni-5Al—Mo—W coating layer) isranged between 220 (Hv300) and 370 (Hv300), and the micro hardness ofM12 (Arc Spray Mo coating layer) is ranged between 300 (Hv300) and 800(Hv300). The M12, M11 and M8 are with the better micro hardness.

As shown in FIG. 15, the wear loss of W8 (Al substrate coating layer) isranged between 150 mm ³ and 250 mm ³, the wear loss of W9 (APS W coatinglayer) is ranged between 60 mm ³ and 100 mm ³, the wear loss of W10 (APSMo coating layer) is ranged between 40 mm ³ and 75 mm ³, the wear lossof W11 (APS Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer) is ranged between 60 mm ³ and 90mm ³, the wear loss of W12 (APS Ni-5Al—Mo—W coating layer) is rangedbetween 45 mm ³ and 50 mm ³, the wear loss of W13 (HVOF Ni-5Al—Mo—Wcoating layer) is ranged between 75 mm ³ and 95 mm ³ , the wear loss ofW14 (Arc Spray Mo coating layer) is ranged between 25 mm ³ and 35 mm ³.The W10, W12 and W14 are with the better anti-wear loss.

As shown in FIG. 16, the deposition rate of D13 (HOVF DJ GUNCr₃C₂—NiCr5260 coating layer, shorted as DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr5260 ) is rangedbetween 15 μ/pass and 20 μ/pass, the deposition rate of D14 (DJCr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer) is ranged between 10 μ/pass and 16 μ/pass, andthe deposition rate of D15 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer) isranged between 3 μ/pass and 8 μ/pass. The D13 is with the betterdeposition rate.

As shown in FIG. 17, the bonding strength of B13 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr5260coating layer) is ranged between 7500 psi and 11500 psi, the bondingstrength of B14 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer) is ranged between 6000 psiand 12000 psi, and the bonding strength of B15 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Nicoating layer) is ranged between 8500 psi and 13500 psi. The B13˜B15 arewith the better bonding strength.

As shown in FIG. 18, the micro hardness of M13 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr5260) isranged between 850 (Hv300) and 1150 (Hv300), the micro strength of M14(DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer) is ranged between 870 (Hv300) and 1175(Hv300), and the micro strength of M15 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coatinglayer) is ranged between 650 (Hv300) and 870 (Hv300). The M13˜M15 arewith the better micro strength.

As shown in FIG. 19, the wear loss of W15 (Al substrate coating layer)is ranged between 150 mm³ and 250 mm³, the wear loss of W16 (DJCr₃C₂—NiCr5260 coating layer) is ranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³, thewear loss of W17 (DJ Cr₃ C₂—NiCr coating layer) is ranged between 1 mm³and 5 mm³, and the wear loss of W16 (Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer) isranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³. The W16˜W19 are with the betteranti-weat loss.

As shown in FIG. 20, the wear loss of S5 (Al substrate coating layer) isranged between 170 mm³ and 255 mm³, the wear loss of S6 (HVOF Al—Cu—Mo—Wcoating layer) is ranged between 125 mm³ and 180 mm³, the wear loss ofS7 (HVOF Al—B₄C coating layer) is ranged between 150 mm³ and 200 mm³,the wear loss of S8 (HVOF CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃ coating layer) is ranged between15 mm³ and 40 mm³, the wear loss of S9 (HVOF Cr₃C₂—NiCr coating layer)is ranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³, the wear loss of S10 (HVOFCr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer) is ranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³, thewear loss of S11 (HVOF Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ball Mill coatinglayer) is ranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³, the wear loss of S12 (APS Wcoating layer) is ranged between 75 mm³ and 101 mm³, the wear loss ofS13 (APS Mo coating layer) is ranged between 25 mm³ and 55 mm³, the wearloss of S14 (APS Al—Cu—Mo—W coating layer) is ranged between 75 mm³ and90 mm³, the wear loss of S15 (APS Ni-5Al—Mo—W coating layer) is rangedbetween 45 mm³ and 50 mm³, the wear loss of S16 (HVOF Ni-5Al—Mo—Wcoating layer) is ranged between 75 mm³ and 90 mm³, the wear loss of S17(Arc Spray Mo coating layer) is ranged between 30 mm³ and 40 mm³, thewear loss of S18 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr5260 coating layer) is ranged between 1mm³ and 5 mm³, the wear loss of S19 (DJ Cr₃C₂—NiCr5 coating layer) isranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³, and the wear loss of S20 (DJCr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni coating layer) is ranged between 1 mm³ and 5 mm³. TheS9˜S11 and S18˜S20 are with the better anti-wear loss.

To sum up, the present disclosure provides a method for forming acoating layer on a workpiece using a feedstock material with bettersurface protection and thermal conductivity. Thereby, the coating layercan protect the operating workpiece from being damaged by regionalabrasion, and also is capable of conducting heat out of the workpiece soas to be dissipated for preventing the workpiece from being damaged byabnormal temperature fluctuations.

Taking a wheel rim for instance, it is known that an operating wheel rimwithout the coating layer of the present disclosure can easily bedamaged by regional abrasion or by abnormal temperature fluctuations,but by the coating layer with improved porosity, microhardness, bondingstrength and wear volume loss, not only the wheel rim is protected fromany region abrasion, but also the heat that is generated in theoperation of the wheel rim can be conducted out of the same so as to bedissipated. Moreover, a wheel rim with the coating is protected frombeing eroded or corroded by environmental factors, such as rainfall anddirect Sun tight.

With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized thatthe optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the disclosure,to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function andmanner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent andobvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships tothose illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification areintended to be encompassed by the present disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A coating layer with well protection and thermalconductivity comprising: a workpiece; and a coating layer with athickness ranged between 160˜500 micrometer deposited on the workpiece;wherein, the coating layer is formed by the feedstock material, thefeedstock material is Al—Cu—Mo—W, Al/B₄C, CoCrAlY/Al₂O₃,Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni, Cr₃C₂—NiCr/SiC—Ni treated with Ball mill orNi—Al—Mo—W.
 2. The coating layer of claim 1, wherein a composition ofAl—Cu—Mo—W is 30˜35 wt % Al—Cu, 30˜35 wt % Mo and 30˜35 wt % W. The bestcomposition of Al—Cu—Mo—W is 33.3 wt % Al—Cu, 33.3 wt % Mo and 33.3 wt %W.
 3. The coating layer of claim 1, wherein a composition of Al/B₄C is20˜40 wt % B4C.
 4. The coating layer of claim 1, wherein a compositionof CoCrAlY/Al2O3 is 10˜20 wt % Al₂O₃.
 5. The coating layer of claim 1,wherein a composition of Cr3C2-NiCr/SiC—Ni is 20˜40 wt % SiC—Ni.
 6. Thecoating layer of claim 1, wherein a composition of Cr3C2-NiCr/SiC—Nitreated with Ball mill is 20˜40 wt % SiC—Ni.
 7. The coating layer ofclaim 1, wherein a composition of Ni—Al—Mo—W is is 30—35 wt % Ni-5Al,30˜35 wt % Mo and 30˜35 wt % W.